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ObjectiveTo analyze the prevalence rate of non-suicidal self-injury （NSSI） behavior in Chinese adolescents with depression， so as to provide references for the intervention of NSSI behavior in adolescents with depression. MethodsThe literature databases such as CNKI， VIP， Wanfang， China Biology Medicine Disc， PubMed， Web of Science， Cochrane Library and Embase were searched via computer for the cross-sectional studies related to the prevalence of NSSI behavior in adolescents with depression published from inception to February， 2020. Then the eligibility assessment， data extraction and assessment of methodological quality were performed independently by two reviewers， and the Meta-analysis was performed by using RevMan 5.4. ResultsA total of 2 238 adolescents in 10 studies were included. Meta-analysis yielded that the prevalence rate of NSSI behavior in Chinese adolescents with depression was 51% （95% CI： 43%~59%）. Subgroup analysis of NSSI behavior in adolescents with depression implied that the prevalence rate was 36% （95% CI： 22%~50%） in female adolescents， which was higher than 18% （95% CI： 12%~24%） in male adolescents. The prevalence rate of NSSI behavior was 57% （95% CI： 38%~77%） in depression adolescents with suicidal ideation， which was higher than 4% （95% CI： 0~8%） in those without suicidal ideation. The prevalence rate of NSSI behavior was 54% （95% CI： 41%~67%） in depression adolescents diagnosed with Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders， fifth edition （DSM-5）， which was higher than 46% （95% CI： 40%~51%） in those diagnosed with the International Classification of Diseases， tenth edition （ICD-10）. The prevalence rate of NSSI behavior was 52% （95% CI： 41%~63%） in depression adolescents in the literatures with quality score of 7， which was close to 50% （95% CI： 44%~55%） in depression adolescents in the literatures with quality score of 6. The comparison of above subgroups all had statistical differences （P<0.05 or 0.01）. ConclusionChinese adolescents with depression suffer a high prevalence rate of NSSI behavior， with higher prevalence in females than in males， and in those with suicidal ideation than in those without suicidal ideation.
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Objective To discuss the effect and application value of applying the master teacher responsibility system in neurology teaching. Methods 100 five-year medical students were randomly di-vided into the experimental group and the control group with computer. Master teacher and teaching team were set in the experimental group to use a variety of teaching methods for course-teaching. At the same time, the traditional teaching method was used in the control group. After the course, theory test was arranged for the two groups blindly. Statistic tool SPSS 13.0 of t test was used to evaluate the teaching effect of these two groups. And capability-oriented questionnaire survey for experimental group was conducted to survey students' subjective assessment of their own learning. Results The experimental group students' average score of the theory examination was (73.87±7.12), while control group students' average score was (73.18± 9.94), and the difference was not statistically significant (t=0.265, P=0.792). Besides, there was no signifi- cant difference in the scores of male and female students in the experimental group either (t=0.068, P=0.947). Teaching satisfaction survey results showed that 100% (16/16) of the experimental group students believed that their ability of autonomous learning, problem analysis and team cooperation was improved significantly. Conclusion Setting up master teacher responsibility system is beneficial to strengthening teacher team and cultivating students' autonomous learning ability, and it also ensures the fairness of the exam. But it still need to be improved in the quality of teachers, quantity of students, process supervision and so on to ensure the teaching effect.
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Setting up the chief teacher to be fully responsible for the medical course teaching is an explorative idea.It is necessary for the construction of medical teachers,integration of medicine courses and capacity building of young teachers.A qualified chief teacher should be a professional teacher with enough academic prestige and some management experience.Chief teachers will play important roles in the overall course teaching process,including organizing the teaching team,developing the objectives,plans,guidelines of the course and supervising the execution teaching program.The author also propose that the chief teacher responsibility system should be put into the medical course teaching practice which will improve the course teaching quality and make contributions to training excellent medical personnel.
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In recent 30 years, stem cell transplantation for severe aregenerative anemia has obtained significant clinical progress, so a regenerative anemia has the possibility of healing. With the improvement of pretreatment, the incidence and severity of complications after stem cell transplantation have been controlled. In this article, we retrieved relevant articles in Pubmed Database, and found the research progress of stem cell transplantation for treating aregenerative anemia. This article investigated the effect of pretreatment improvement on controlling failure rate of stem cell transplantation.
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OBJECTIVE: Nuclear factor (NF)-?B is an inducible transcription factor detected in neurons, glial and neural stem cells. It is involved in many biological processes such as inflammation and innate immunity, development, apoptosis and anti-apoptosis. This text is aimed to explain the roles of NF-?B in proliferation, migration and differentiation of neural stem cells. DATA SOURCES: The related literatures between January 1987 and September 2006 were collected from the PUBMED with the keywords of "Neural stem cell, Proliferation, Migration, Differentiation/stem cell, Differentiation/NF-?B" in English. STUDY SELECTION: Firstly the articles were checked and quotations attached to these articles were looked over. Inclusive criteria: the content of the articles must be correlated with roles of NF-?B in proliferation, migration, differentiation of neural stem cell. Exclusive criteria: Repetitive research or articles of Meta analysis. DATA EXTRACTION: There were 61 correlated articles, 32 articles accorded with inclusive criteria, and 29 articles excluded were olden or repetitive in content. In 32 collected articles, 4 articles referred to adult neural stem cell, 3 articles referred to NF-?B/Rel family and Ⅰ-?B, 11 articles referred to NF-?B and proliferation of neural stem cell, 8 articles referred to NF-?B and migration of neural stem cell and 6 articles referred to NF-?B and differentiation of neural stem cell. DATA SYNTHESIS: Neural stem cells were characterized by the capability to undergo self-renewal, cell divisions, to migrate and to differentiate into multiple cell types. Stem cells within the adult brain were found within special areas. Neural stem cells experienced the processes of dissociation, immigration and differentiation. NF-?B was a transcription factor, which can bind to specific DNA-sequences and regulate transcription. NF-?B was involved in induction of proliferation under erythropoietin (EPO), hypoxia conditions and brain injury. The inhibitors of NF-?B such as beta-peptide, nitric oxide acted in negative manner on proliferation of neural stem cells. In migration of neural stem cell, NF-?B was necessary for induction of migration caused by macrophage chemo attractant protein-1, stem cell factor, stromal cell derived factor. The differentiation of neural stem cells toward astrocytic, neuronal, oligodendrocytic and glial lineages was determined by specific signaling cascades. Interleukin-6 family could accelerate the differentiation of neural stem cells to horizontal cells. The differentiation of neuroblastoma cells could be joined by NF-?B. CONCLUSION: A great quantity of evidences verifies that NF-?B plays a crucial role in the complicated regulatory mechanism of transcription of neural stem cells.
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AIM: To observe histopathologic changes and NF-?B expression in hippocampus in neonatal and matural rats after repeated seizures, and to explore the role of NF-?B in the pathogenesis of epilepsy in premature brain of rats. METHODS: Neonatal rats and mature rats were divided into 2 experimental groups at 10 days and 60 days after birth (P10 and P60). Convulsions were induced by repeated injection of pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) intraperitoneally for first 5 days. The animals in control group were injected with NS at the same volume in the same conditions. The neurons in CA1, CA3, dentate granule (DG), as well as in hilar were counted by thionin staining, in order to observe the profile of the necrosis and apoptosis. NF-?B expression was examined by immunohistochemistry assay. Timm's method of silver sulfide staining was adopted to observe the mossy fiber sprouting. RESULTS: (1) In immature rats (10 days old), neurons in CA1, CA3 and hilar demonstrated no differences from controls, whereas adult rats (P60) had a significant decrease in number of neurons in CA1 and CA3 (8.22?1.88, 5.62?1.68 vs 6.31?1.50, 3.62?1.40). In adult rats, neurons in dentate granule showed no differences with controls, whereas immature rats with daily seizures had a significant increase (23.25?3.06 vs 16.25?1.58). (2) There was prominent sprouting in the CA3 stratum pyramidal layer in all experimental rats after 5 daily seizures, regardless of the age. However, the degree of sprouting was significantly different between the two experimental groups (3.25?1.03 vs 1.50?0.92, P